The Iceberg Model — the real one.

Not the meme. The tool the meme is based on.

Events — what happened.

“Sales dropped this week.” Visible, loud, and almost useless on its own.

Patterns — what keeps happening.

“Sales drop every time we ship late.” Now you’re getting somewhere.

Structure & beliefs — what holds it in place.

The incentives, processes, and assumptions quietly producing the pattern on purpose.

Go one layer deeper.

Most people stop at events. Systems thinkers keep diving.